Heating apparatus



` (lho Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

L. 'I'. TERWILLIGER. Y

HEATING APPARATUS.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. T. TERWILLIGER.

HEATING APPARATUS.

10.252,064. -PatentedJAAlmaA 5 Faqs; Fiq;

ma @0m UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LYELL T. TERWILLIGER, OF MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS.

HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 252,064, dated January 10, 1852,

Application ruga April 30,1881. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LYELL T. TERWILLIGER., a citizen of the United States, residing at Melrose, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the same are fully described in the followingspeciiication and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to heating apparatus of all kinds, and embodies a new system of drafts, having the airadmitted to the top of the fuel, and the openings into the lines at or below the lire-level and near the horizontal plane of the supporting'grate, whereby the smoke, gases, and other products of combustion are carried downward through the re, or consumed in their passage and utilized as fuel, while the air for respiration is received from the bottom into an adjoining or surrounding air chamber, in which it is heated asit rises in contact with the radiating-surface of the ilue, and tlows thence through the registers into the room or through pipes to other rooms. The upper part of the tire-pot of a furnace constructed according to my invention is therefore kept comparatively cool, and the lower part ofthe wall ot' the radiator is heated to a high degree, and forms a radiating-surface adapted to raise rapidly the temperature ofthe air in contact with it in` the adjoining airchamber. The lowest and coldest air is thercf fore heated first and most, because of the direct draft downwardly or laterally from the re to the lower part of the radiator. The intensity of the heat is expended on the radiating-surface which heats the lower stratum of air, rather than `principally upon the fire-pot andtheupperpartofthe radiator. Thesmokeis consumed, together with the deleterious gases, by being brought into contactwith the incan- -descent coal, and the escape of cinders and throughv the tire; and I claim this feature only h `when employed in connectionwith the adjoining or surrounding air-heating passages, through lwltichthe air to be` heated is caused to ascend in contact with the radiator-Wall, heated prinl 'cipally at its base by the downward, outward,

Vand upwardcurrent from the tire, as herein described.

The annexed drawings illustrate my invention as appliedto aportable furnace and to an open grate or fire-place heater, Figures 1, 2, and?) being partly in section to show the dctails of construction; but it is obvious the details may be varied without departing from my invention, and also that the principle invol ved is` applicable, with minor modifications, to other forms of heating apparatus. Figs. 4, 5, and 6 show certain ofthe parts detached.

Referring to the portable furnace shown in Fig'.- 1, A is the tire-grate, upon which rests the body of fuel B, surrounded by the tire-pot C. D is the door through which the coal is introduced and the air admitted to maintain combustion', an adjustable slide, E, permitting con trol of the air-current.

F F are Iiueopenings or inlets to the annular flue or smoke-chamber F', suc-h openings being at or belowv the fire-level, so that the aircurrent or draft is, as denoted bythe arrows, downwardly through the body of fuel, and through the grate A and flue-openings F into the smoke-space F between the tire-pot and thev radiator G, thence upwardly to the top of 9o the tire-chamber H and into the escape-pipe I. An opening i'romthetire-pot direct, which may be used in starting a tire, is indicated by dotted lincs at H.

The radiator G is made heaviest iu its lower portion to withstand the extreme lheat of the caloric current from the re directly against such part, which maybe made of soapstone, terra-cotta, cast-iron, or other suitable mate rial. Cold air is admitted to the air-chamber Jvat suitable points in the bottomof the furnace and comes into contact with the hottest IOO part of the radiator, thence rising to the distrihuting-pipes K.

L represents the double outer wall of the furnace.

The grate Ashould be coarse and ot' the best material to withstand extreme heat, and is preferably made, as shown, with hollow bars, admitting a current of cold air to pass through them into the ilue, and by absorbing heat from the bars serving to some extent to keep them cool and to prolong their usefulness. I also contemplate passing a water-current through the grate-bars,that theymay be cooled and the water heated, in which case suitable connections ateach end are required and proper-'pressure to insure circulation.

The inlets to the flue F' are made oblique, about as shown, so as to be self-cleaning of ashes and the like. Etticient means of shaking or raking the grate should also be provided to prevent clogging the draft.

The tire-place hea-ter illustrated in Fig. 2 will be readily understood. The lire is guarded in front by a fender, M, fitting closely to the grate, and furnished with a removable lower central portion, M', to check the draft and to remove for taking up the ashes. The draft is downwardly and laterally through the fuel and through the bottom and sides of the hanging grate H, which is made sloping at its sides to be self-cleaning, and with an open space between it and the adjacent due-opening at each side of the fire to facilitate the draft.

The bottom of the flue F is sloped sharply for the purpose explained in connection with the similar construction in Fig. l. The dues terminate in the chimney, entering it one from each side of the tire. The walls of the lues form radiators. Those next to the tire radiate into the room direct, while the other walls correspond to the radiator G of Fig. l, and heat the air-current entering from below and ascending through the air-chambers J to discharge through suitable registers, E, or to be carried up in pipes K to the rooms above. The grate-bars may likewise be fitted for the circulation of an air or water current.

Fig. 3 shows broken awaya furnace of the same general construction as is shown in Fig. l. The draft is, however, down through the fuel, and thencelaterally and upwardly through oblique openings F in or between the lire-brick C and into the tlue orsmoke-ehamber F. The oblique character of the openings serves to keep them free from ashes or fragments of coal and gives an upward tendency to the caloric current.

Fig. 4 shows two forms of the recessed tirebrick detached.

If desired, a grating or fender may be employed as an additional protection against clogging the openings F. One form ot' such a device is indicated at S in Fig. 3, and a quarter- Sectiou of the same in Fig. 5.

Where the grates are made hollow for circulation ot' air, as described, I form them in two parts, each about as represented in Fig. 6, and unite them by rivets; or they may be cast in one by coring.

The furnace fire-pots and adjacent parts are shown as supported on uprights U, rising from the base of the radiator; but such supports may consist of lateral lugs or ledges extending inwardly at intervals from the radiator; or they may be otherwise arranged as is most convenient.

I claim as of my invention- 1. A heating apparatus consisting of the following elements arranged in the order shown and described, viz: a -central tire-pot through which adownward draftis maintained, a smoke chamber or passage for the heated products of combustion at each side of said re-pot and opening from the base thereof, and a hot-air chamber outside 'of said smoke-chamber and separated therefrom by the radiator G, which receives at its base the direct caloric-current, whereby the air for respiration is warmed in passing upwardly, substantially as set forth.

2. A heating apparatus constructed, as described and shown, with oblique openings extending up wardly and outwardly from the base of the lire-pot, smoke-tlues ascending therefrom, and an air-chamber outside said lines, adapted to be heated by the radiator which separates the ue from the air-chamber, substantially as set forth. i

3. An open grate or tire-place having a central open fire-pot, a ilue at each side thereof, adapted to receive the products of combustion at or below the tire-pot level and communicating with the chimney, and a hollow column adjoining each flue and provided with a coldair inlet at its bottom and one or more hot-air pipes at top, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Inv testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LYELL T. TER/VILLIGER.

Witnesses:

A. H. SPENCER., FRANK L. TERWILLIGER.

IOO 

